The term pipe is defined herein as a closed conduit, usually of circular cross section.It can be made of any appropriate material such as steel or plastic. The term pipeline refers to a long line of connected segments of pipe, with pumps, valves, control devices, and other equipment/facilities needed for operating the system. It is
intended for transporting a fluid (liquid or gas), mixture of fluids, solids, fluidsolid mixture, or capsules (freight-laden vessels or vehicles moved by fluids through a pipe). The term pipeline also implies a relatively large pipe spanning a long distance. Unless otherwise specified, the pipelines discussed in this book generally have a minimum diameter of 4 inches (102 mm) and a minimum length of 1 mi (1.6 km). The largest and longest pipelines discussed may have a diameter of over 10 ft (3.05 m) and a length of over 1000 mi (1609 km). This book treats all important aspects, parts, and types of pipelines.
